The Essential Gear
While we include the components most DJs use below, note that today the controller usually includes the functions of a mixer, player and software control surface while providing connections for audio, USB or iOS gear. A DJ setup may include some or all of the following equipment listed below.- Gear to play audio (a DJ controller, computer, mobile device, DJ media player, or turntables.)
- An audio interface for directing your audio to external hardware and software
- Software and a controller for computer- or iOS-based setups
- A standalone DJ mixer if mixing functions are not included in your other hardware/software
- Headphones
- A passive or powered speaker system (if you perform in venues where there is no suitable PA)
Why DJs went digital
At one time DJs performed with turntables whether they were spinning dance records or scratching vinyl hip-hop style. With the arrival of MP3s and CDs, many DJs switched to these newer formats due to their greater reliability, easy transport and music library management, plus potential for extensive control and music manipulation. DJ gear manufacturers quickly got in on the act producing players and controllers that exploited the ability to slice and dice beats and create jaw-dropping shows beyond the limits of vinyl. Since their introduction, DJ controllers, mixers and interfaces have grown much more powerful. Today, DJ software is often tightly integrated with specific hardware. This makes configuring your controller’s settings much easier while allowing novices to create cool beats and seamless shows. In the next section we’ll look at three of today’s most popular DJ software platforms. While a controller allows you to manipulate your software or app more fluidly, it’s the software itself that does all the cool stuff that has revolutionized the world of DJing. The software performs all the critical chores that help you manipulate your music files.What DJ software and apps do
Software and apps designed for DJ use monitor all your mixing moves, apply the filters and effects you select, trigger samples, modify music waveforms and perform dozens of other cool tricks that in the old days would have been impossible or required external gear. Apart from basics like loading your music library into storage, DJ software provides the virtual transport controls for playback as well as creating the virtual decks on which you’ll be mixing. In looking at software options you’ll find that many include the same or similar functions. In the end, how well those functions will work for you depend two factors: your comfort with the software’s user interface and how well your controller manages it.What DJ controllers do
Today’s controllers typically include three elements:- A control surface composed of knobs, buttons, jog wheels, pads or faders that give you hands-on control over software functions and settings. Displays and LEDs indicate system status, audio levels and many other parameters.
- An audio interface that transmits your signal to external equipment including computers, mobile devices, effects processor and PA systems, depending on the type of connectors it has.
- Control of tablet and smartphone apps is found in some newer DJ controllers.
Controller or software—what comes first?
Assuming you’ve decided that an all-in-one controller is the way to go, choosing a DJ software platform is the next logical step. All DJ controllers come with some software. Often it’s a scaled-down version of the manufacturer’s full-blown software. As a new DJ, these limited-edition versions may be fine for starting out, but you’ll likely want to upgrade to the manufacturer’s full version in time. Factor in that additional cost when making your decision on a controller. While a DJ controller with its hands-on sliders, knobs and button lets you run your software or app more fluidly, it’s the software itself that actually does all the cool stuff. Software applies the effects, filters, beat juggling and those seamless, perfectly beat-matched transitions that have revolutionized the world of EDM.Software-specific vs. software-versatile controllers
When it comes to selecting controllers, one of the biggest considerations is software compatibility. Some DJ controllers are designed to work with specific software products. If you are set on the software platform you want to use, these can be an excellent option as they integrate tightly with the software and often provide functionality that you won't get with controllers designed for use with multiple software products. Since many functions are already “mapped,” (the process of assigning functions to various parts of the controller) software-specific controllers are usually easier and faster to configure. The downside to software-specific controllers, however, is that they may not be so compatible with other programs. If it's important to you that your controller be able to work with a wider range of software options, you will want to look at MIDI-compliant, software-agnostic controllers that you can use with many different software types. Next we’ll look at three of the leading DJ software platforms and some of the controllers that run them to help you narrow down your choices.Native Instruments Traktor
Native Instruments was among of the first companies to focus on hardware and software integration. By tightly wedding powerful software with ever more capable controllers, NI’s Traktor Pro and Traktor Scratch Pro are among the most important DJ performance and production software. (Traktor Scratch Pro works with Traktor’s proprietary DVS digital vinyl systems as well as DJ controllers.) NI makes various TRAKTOR-based software, each aimed at different budgets and skill sets. A couple incorporate video capability. Advanced versions represent some of the deepest DJ software out there. But with that depth comes a steeper learning curve. TRAKTOR also boasts some of the strongest MIDI implementation in the business. One of Traktor’s strengths is its Remix Deck concept—an environment in which you manipulate the component parts of the music, dicing, slicing, stretching beats and melodies then freestyling in playback. In this respect it will feel quite familiar to Ableton Loops users. Traktor offers a very customizable interface that can be readily configured to match your work style. Theoretically, any software controller should be able to be mapped to operate Traktor, but many DJs find NI-made hardware has an edge over software-agnostic controllers. They point to more precise jog wheel performance as an example. For DJs who plan to scratch or have a background with vinyl, this is a big deal. Here’s a quick overview of the NI product line for DJs:
TRAKTOR KONTROL D2 - The compact D2 Controller is ideal for mobile DJ. Its touch-sensitive, control surface integrates with TRAKTOR PRO 2 for hands-on performance needs. NI conceives of it as a performance instrument combined with a touch-and-seek controller for pro performances.
TRAKTOR KONTROL S2 MK2 - The S2 MK2 Controller embodies the best in a two-deck, hands-on scratch controller coupled with iOS integration. Based on the PRO 2 software platform, NI has refined the S2’s faders and jog wheels for smoother operation. The 2+1 design means the S2 gives you access to NI’s Remix Decks and a host of cool effects. You can manage iTunes libraries and much more using advanced iOS integration. The S2 makes sense for DJs still developing their skills but wanting step-up capabilities on a budget. It’s also a great pick for those who use their iPad or iPhone as an integral part of their DJ work.
TRAKTOR KONTROL S4 MK2 - This controller steps up the possibilities with 4-deck control. The S4 MK2 DJ System includes a full-blown version of Traktor PRO 2 software plus a 4-deck controller with advanced mixing, effects and beat creation tools. It integrates with your iOS devices and can run up to four virtual decks while Remix Decks can be triggered directly from S4 hardware. A lot of attention has gone into the control surface. Newly upgraded faders and jog wheels have received high marks from early adopters and help blur the boundaries between DJing and musical performance. The S4 is a good choice for the Traktor user ready to move up to more sophisticated controls and features.
TRAKTOR KONTROL Z2 - Native Instruments has the club DJ firmly in mind with the Z2 Controller. Its 2-channel mixer format is designed to sit comfortably between CDJ players or turntables. It has an uncrowded control layout for error-free performance and excellent sound quality to match the best house PAs. In addition to Scratch Pro 2 software, NI bundles timecode vinyl and CDs so you can spin digital files like they were real vinyl. A Macro FX function allows you to assign several effects to a single knob for massive track buildups, breakdowns and track destruction.
TRAKTOR KONTROL X! MK2 - The X1 MK2 Controller is designed as an add-on to existing Traktor rigs. The X1 can be used to control two decks and Traktor FX units simultaneously. The MK2 update adds a touch strip giving you smoother more precise control over effects, filters and more. It’s a solid choice for DJs who have older gear but want to take full advantage of TRAKTOR PRO’s capabilities.
TRAKTOR KONTROL F1 - NI’s dedicated FI Remix Decks controller puts this powerful technology at your fingertips. The 16 multi-colored pads trigger loops one-shot samples working seamlessly within the latest versions of TRAKTOR PRO software.
TRAKTOR Scratch A10 - The Scratch A10 system is intended for the no-holds-barred DJ who wants to access digital vinyl and CD scratching with four onboard track decks plus traditional DJ gear like turntables and phono preamps. It harnesses all the power of TRAKTOR PRO software including newly developed Remix Deck capabilities. The included 10-channel interface has premium AD/DA converters for superb sound and the included CD and vinyl control discs have excellent tracking capability to support your scratching skills.
TRAKTOR DJ - Aiming at the mobile DJ looking for basic control using iOS gear and hand gestures, NI offers the Traktor DJ app as a download. It features quick mix building and waveform-based sound shaping in an attractive and intuitive touchscreen interface.
Serato
The consensus on Serato is that while it lacks the deep MIDI mapping capabilities of NI’s Traktor and Scratch, it’s a somewhat easier platform to master. Many also rate Serato highly for its natural performance feel, “fun” factor and highly intuitive interface. Some DJs find the ability to create beatgrids—beat markers to help the software lock into the tempo accurately—easier with Serato. Another significant factor is the number of controller/interface manufacturers who support Serato software. You’ll find controllers in a range of prices from some of the biggest names in DJ hardware with capabilities that go from entry level to professional.
Serato DJ - The intention with Serato DJ is to give you a complete, single-box solution that covers every aspect of your DJ performance. Colored waveforms that reflect EQ settings give you a very visual way to reshape your sounds on the fly. Workflows are streamlined and extremely visual too. Applying effects, triggering samples and building beats is enhanced by Flip and DVS expansion packs. Flip gives you powerful beat editing and building functions while the DVS pack offers the feel of real vinyl-based mixing. A MIDI panel takes a lot of the heavy lifting out of your mapping workflows. Serato DJ reveals its Serato Scratch Live heritage with its many features taken from that vinyl emulation program.. When Serato decided to roll Scratch features up into the newly expanded DJ/DVS platform, they made everything backwards-compatible so old Scratch libraries and songs are automatically read. Its also compatible with your collection of Serato control vinyl. Serato DJ is bundled with professional controllers.
Serato DJ Intro - This free download app features 4-deck mixing, syncing, looping and cueing. It has a four-slot sample player in which you can store sounds like foghorns for big mid-show drops. It’s a good app for the newbie DJ to get started on, though you’ll probably want to graduate to more powerful Serato software and a full fledged controller as your DJ skills grow. DJ Intro is bundled with beginner-level controllers. Another option is a digital vinyl system (DVS) that uses DJ software such as Serato Scratch Live. This system let you play digital files from your computer using special records on your turntables or DJ CD player, so you can combine the feel of vinyl with the power of digital music management. Both Rane and Denon produce interfaces with a range of I/O options to match your particular connection needs.Ableton Live
Introduced in 2001, Ableton Live is more than just DJ software, it’s a full-fledged DAW platform with great tools for building everything from basic beats to fully orchestrated, complex arrangements. It’s a great choice for DJs who are into groove production but also looking for a suite of tools that handle all their music composition needs. Users point to Ableton Live’s single-window composition interface as one of its most user-friendly features. Using its Session View, a scratchpad-like environment in which you drop audio or MIDI files and other elements, you can flesh out ideas drawing on Ableton’s acclaimed instruments, effects and sounds as well as your own libraries. The super-flexible workflow invites experimentation and creativity. Live’s Arrangement View is where you actually build your compositions, and it uses a more traditional, time-based approach to creating tracks and MIDI sequencing. It works in conjunction with Session View, recording all your improvised moves for later editing. The interaction between the Session and Arrangement views blurs the line between improvisation and arrangement, leading to a more natural and creative workflow.
Another strength of the Live platform is its browser that helps you find what you’re looking for faster. And Live comes bundled with a huge collection of very usable sounds right out of the box. Once you’ve found the sounds you want, editing them using powerful MIDI note manipulation technology allows you to shape them virtually any way you want. Assembly of tracks and beats is made easier with excellent automation support.
Ableton offers Live in a range of of packages including various upgrade and educational versions as well as Ableton 9 Live Intro, which can be purchased in a traditional box or as a download. Either way, Live Intro offers a slimmed-down feature set, but has all the basic functionality of the full version. It’s a great way to get the feel of working with live and you’ll be able to upgrade to to a full version at lower cost. Thanks to excellent MIDI mapping support, Ableton can be run on a wide range of controllers and interfaces as well your computer. Non-traditional control surfaces such as the Ableton Push Controller Instrument take the performance-friendly aspects of Live to a higher level with superb hands-on control. You can readily play melodies, chord and single notes while accessing mixer controls and cool drum racks in mid-performance.
Taking a similar grid-performance approach is Novation’s line of Launchpad controllers. They work in sync with Live’s Session Mode while Note, Device and User modes invite experimentation using your existing sounds and gear. Pressure- and velocity-sensitive pads with helpful RGB color cues let you engage with your music in a natural, performance-based way.
Other software and controllers
So far we’ve looked at the big three software platforms that most DJs use: Traktor, Serato and Ableton Live as well as controllers specifically designed to work with them. However, there are many controllers that are software-agnostic—that is they can be readily configured to work with just about any software useful to DJs. Most come with templates for all the major DJ programs, which makes mapping the controller to the software simpler.
USB and wireless controllers
There are multiple ways to connect your DJ controller to your PC or mobile devices to interact with your software. A common connection type you will find on many of them is USB. You will find lots of options for USB-based controllers that interact with MIDI-based DJ software programs.Check out the huge range of DJ controllers and interfaces at Musician’s Friend.
The iOS connection
With a growing number of killer DJ apps and compatible audio gear coming online, iOS has become an option for DJs. With the addition of a few crucial components, your iPod touch, iPhone, or iPad can be transformed into a very affordable DJ rig. If you’re thinking about getting into DJing but aren’t quite sure, iOS is a good platform to test the waters. Learn much more with our iOS Gear for DJs Buying Guide.
The vinyl option
While digital DJ tools offer greater ease of use and flexibility, many vinyl supporters argue this comes at the cost of inferior sound quality. Because digital audio essentially takes a snapshot when capturing analog sounds, it does not reproduce the complete sound waves, and some feel this reduces the music’s definition and impact. There are also more subjective reasons some experienced DJs prefer vinyl. Many say that it allows more creativity and others will tell you it’s just plain sexier. Other DJs find vinyl's somewhat more demanding approach both rewarding and way to give their sets more personality. Confirming this, many of the hottest club DJs incorporate real vinyl and turntables into their shows. While you can’t point to these factors on a spec sheet, DJing is all about enjoying the experience … so if using vinyl makes you happy, that’s a good enough reason to make it your choice.DJ Headphones
One of the main factors you should think about when buying DJ headphones is comfort. You’re going to be wearing them for hours on end, so you don’t want to buy a pair that bothers your head and ears after a few minutes. Another important factor is flexibility. Since you’ll want to bend and twist them to many different positions, look for headphones with swivel earpieces. They should allow easy and comfortable listening using only one ear, as you’ll be doing that often when cueing your next song. You’ll also want to look for headphones with a closed-ear design to isolate noise in the high-volume situations you’ll typically be spinning in. The better they can isolate noise, the less you’ll have to crank up the volume and damage your ears.DJ CD/Multimedia Players
Although many DJs use their laptops or tablets to store and play back their digital files via an interface and/or controller, specialized players with DJ-friendly features are still popular. When looking at CD and multimedia players, an important consideration is whether you would rather mix on a dual rackmount player or on two tabletop players.Tabletop Players
Tabletop players are usually set up on both sides of the mixer, just like turntables. Some of these players feature pressure-sensitive platters that let you simulate scratching or cueing a record by spinning it forward or backward. Some players also offer platter effects like reverse, brake, and more.
Dual Players
Dual rackmount players offer versatile setup options with two rackmountable units—one with two front-loading CD slots, the other with the controls. Dual rackmount players come with speed-sensitive jog wheels that let you speed up and slow down the song as you would a record on a turntable for scratching and beat juggling. A dial around the wheel lets you fast-forward and rewind a song.
Audio formats
When buying a digital player, be sure to check out the audio formats it supports; most newer players support MP3s and other compressed digital formats, but if you use less common lossless formats such as FLAC files, you’ll want to ensure the player can read them.Some advanced models that will even let you play audio from wireless sources r the ultimate versatility.Common DJ media player features
- An eject lock button prevents accidentally ejecting a disk during play. It can be turned off if you want to do quick disk switches.
- If you plan on playing in dark clubs, make sure your digital player has a bright, backlit LCD display (most players do).
- All players include pitch control that speed up and slow down the music’s pitch. With pitch bender control, the speed changes while the pitch remains the same. Some models provide auto beat-syncing with the touch of a button
- Most digital players let you set cue points so you can instantly access a certain spot in a song with the push of a button. Some players let you save cue points to a removable memory card.
- Looping lets you select the start and the end points of a selection so it plays repeatedly at the touch of a reloop button. Called seamless looping, it can be used to extend songs, which is handy when creating your own mixes. Seamless loops are a great way to add a consistent bass and drum track that helps pull your music together.
- Many digital players include effects like filter, echo, phase, flanger, transform and pan. While the effect is enabled, the platter and other controls can be used to change the parameters of the effect to create dynamic remixes.
- Fader start is a common feature that works with compatible mixers so that when you cross-fade over to another channel, the cued song automatically plays without your having to press a button. Fader stop is similar in that it will stop the player as soon as you fade out its channel. Fader stop can be configured to reset the CD to a given cue point. This feature is especially handy for beat juggling.
- Some DJ CD/MP3 players offer data storage with removable memory cards. For example, Pioneer’s CDJ-2000has a memory feature that lets you store wave data as well as cue and loop points to a removable memory card (MMC or SD), the player’s internal memory or an external device. The removable memory card can also be used in any CDJ-2000, so once you’ve stored your favorite cue and loop points they’re stored for life.